Calculations based on national income accounting

Calculating real GDP and real GNI using a price deflator

nominal GDP measures the value of current output valued at current prices, while real GDP measures the value of current output valued at constant (base year) prices
GDP deflator = nominal GDP/real GDP * 100
the GDP deflator for the base year is always equal to 100, since for the base year, nominal GDP is equal to the real GDP
using the GDP deflator to calculate real GDP
- real GDP = nominal GDP/price deflator * 100
- an increasing GDP deflator indicates rising prices on average
- a decreasing GDP deflator indicates falling prices on average

GNI = GDP + income from abroad - income sent abroad
income from abroad是本国的resident在foreign economy赚到的钱，因为是national，所以算在本国的GNI里面
income sent abroad是foreign country的resident在本国赚到的钱，因为是national，所以算在foreign country的GNI里面。这是foreign country的resident receive的income，和在哪里receive无关。